The target is lined up in your sight. You've made similar shots many, many times before. However, the early morning air is bitterly cold in this new environment as your gloved finger slowly pulls the trigger. Will you hit your target, or will cold weather affect you and your gear in unexpected ways?
Failure could result in a lower score, a missed animal, or worse. The reasons for failure also vary but can be categorized broadly as either human or mechanical—in other words, cold temperature affecting the rifle itself or the operator.
Internal and external ballistics are affected in cold environments, so you'll need to account for the changes below to maintain peak accuracy.
The winter months affect people in negative ways that can affect their accuracy. The fingers are particularly vulnerable to the cold, resulting in stiffness, tremors, and reduced dexterity.
Wearing gloves can help retain warmth but also introduce other problems, such as reduced sensitivity and added bulk. As such, low temperatures can affect your ability to operate the trigger properly, with or without gloves.
Similarly, a thick winter coat affects your rifle fitment, specifically the length of pull and eye relief of any given scope. The rifle's length of pull should be adjusted accordingly while wearing the type of clothes expected on an upcoming hunting trip.
The vast majority of issues caused when the temperatures drop near or below freezing can be remedied to varying degrees with appropriate gear. Some can be eliminated entirely.
The XLR Advantage: For those seeking ultimate accuracy, consider an XLR Industries Chassis System. These premium chassis are crafted from high-grade aluminum and magnesium alloys specifically chosen for their thermal stability. This means minimal forend flexing and POI (point of impact) shift, even in the harshest environments.
Our selection of premium tactical and hunting chassis systems has what you need to keep the weight down with superior thermal stability; XLR rifle chassis materials are game-changers in frigid temperatures.
As explained in detail by the Guns & Ammo editorial staff, cold temperatures have a negligible effect on ballistics at distances under 500 yards (~460 meters). Generally, no adjustment is necessary for shooting sub 500 yards. This guide gives advice on how to improve rifle accuracy at far greater distances.
The U.S. Armed Forces regularly performs cold-weather testing of shoulder-fired weapons. Test procedures regarding rifle and ammunitionstorage, accuracy, reliability and durability are publicly available. These reports help you identify safety and human factors to account for, such as winter clothing types.
The mechanical issues associated with long-range shooting and accuracy in the cold are relatively simple to overcome with proper storage, maintenance, practice and dedication. You can account for the difference in load and trajectory and overcome human factors with the right gear.
If at first you don't succeed in your winter expeditions, don't worry. You're not alone. Even our best and bravest can struggle to cope with cold weather training. The only path forward is to try, try again.
Check our blog for valuable resources on cold-weather shooting tips and gear recommendations specific to XLR high-performance chassis systems.
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